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Connection between two or more systems with the ability to transfer information between them
In terms of size:
1. PAN (Personal Network)
2. LAN (local area network)
3. WAN (Wide Network)
4. Internet work (connected network)

PAN: The smallest type of network and is dedicated to one user. It covers an area of ​​approximately 10 meters. For example, wireless mouse, feature headphones
Bluetooth and TV control are of this type.

LAN: The scope of a building (school, university, office, Internet cafe, etc.). In this type of network, between 2 and 16 million connection systems are established
Be. Establishing this network does not require a license. The connection is made with a few meters of cable and network card and switch.

Network card: A piece of hardware that connects the computer and the transmission environment (cable, etc.). On today's computers, there is a motherboard
Yes, but it does not exist on older computers and must be installed on the motherboard. In fact, the network card is responsible for receiving, transferring, organizing and temporarily storing
Information is networked.

Switch: A hardware capable of centralizing

Setting up this network is very cheap and its speed is good, there is a possibility of errors and low problems and quick troubleshooting.

MAN: The area of ​​this network is the level of a city and its connections are with fiber optics. Connecting several LANs to each other is called a MAN. Setting up
This network needs to get a license from telecommunications and so on.
Example: Suppose a company has several branches. MAN is used to connect employees of these branches.
The network is slower, more error-prone, more difficult to troubleshoot, and more expensive to set up than smaller networks.

WAN: The range of this network is between several provinces or a country or even a continent and allows the connection between MANs and LANs. In the WAN network
The transfer speed is low, the coverage range is wide, the error is very high and the troubleshooting is difficult.
The broad scope of coverage means that, for example, one user in Iran can communicate with another user in another country.
Internet conversations such as Viber, Telegram, etc. are in this category.

Internetwork: The largest WAN network and there are three types.
Intranet: This type of network is controlled by a management entity and allows certain users to access the data network.
It is mostly used in organizations to share files and resources. Like the National Intelligence Network in Iran

Extranet: Sharing information is used within a group whose members are not in the same place.
For example, employees of an office can access the network from outside the office, with a username and password from anywhere, even abroad.
Have .

Internet: A large network for sharing information publicly and in the form of web pages.

The geometric pattern used to connect computers is called topology, which is available in the following two types:
Type 1: Point to Point
The second type: Broad Cast. This type of connection has different shapes, which are:
1. Bus
2. Star
3. Ring
4. Mesh
5. Tree
6. Daisy Chain
7. Wireless
8. Hybrid

The main components of a network are:
1. Endsystems: Any tool that can use the network and is located at the end of the network. Such as: printer, tablet, laptop and computer
    A) Host or Server (Servers) b) Terminal or Client (Servers)
2. IMPs: A tool for communicating
   A) Layer 1: Only the task of communicating (like Hub)
   B) Layer 2: In addition to communication, it is possible to manage data. (Like Swich)
   C) Layer 3: Allows communication between two or more different networks. (Like Router)
  D) Layer 4: Has the ability to control the inputs and outputs of a network. (Like Firewall)

Hub: A device that connects multiple computers on a local network. It is not able to separate input and output addresses. So packages
Receipt from one port is sent to all available ports.
Switch: A device that connects multiple computers on a local area network. Unlike Hub, they can differentiate between different computers on the network.
Router: Connects two or more networks and transfers information packets from one network to another.
Firewall: Hardware or software that protects resources within the network from unauthorized external access.

3. Media
3.1 - Cable
A) coaxial
B) Twisted pair (TP)
C) Isdn
D) X25
E) Fiber iptic (optical fiber)

3.2 - Wireless
A) Infrared
B) Microwave
C) Wimax
D) Wifi
E) Laser

Advantages of using a computer network:
1. Share information
2. Sharing hardware resources (for example, in Internet cafes, several computers use one printer.)
3. Save time
4. Reliability of safe access to information
5. Reduce postage costs
6. Nature-friendly computer network (due to not using paper)
7. Ability to develop (the ability to connect all computers in the world together)
8. Ability to create new solutions (Possibility of connecting all people in the world with one phone with all people in the world)

Sitemap is a model of the content of your website created to help site users and search engines. A sitemap is a list of pages that are hierarchically linked by topic, organization chart, or XML, and provide instructions for crawling the search engines on the site.

The site map is a kind of roadmap for the website and allows Google to identify important pages of your site.

This will affect the site Seo. Because even if the internal linking of the site is not strong enough, Google can still identify important pages.

Generally the purpose of creating a site is to display the content within it to the target audience. This will only become a reality if the site and its content are readable by Google. Google search engines check important pages of the site daily. This is called crawling. In this case, if these pages are not properly specified through internal linking, it will be difficult to find them by the search engines.

What are the types of sitemaps?

HTML sitemap

This site map is written in Hyper text Markup Language. This language can be used to show website structure to users. In fact, the HTML sitemap contains information about web pages and their position on the site. This site map is visually accessible to site visitors. They can access different parts of the site with the HTML Map Site.

Take, for example, a website that has thousands of pages categorized in different sections. In such a case, when a user enters the site, he is completely confused and does not know which section he can find the content he is looking for. In this case the best option he can use is a site map in HTML language.
With this type of map, the user can more accurately know the route and pages of the site.

Pages are linked together using an internal link using Sitemap. As a result of this linking, the site's rankings in the original keyword improves.

XML Map Site

XML Sitemap is written in Extensible Markup Language. The XML Map Site is only used to show site content to search engine crawlers and site users cannot see it. In fact, by creating such a map you are telling crawlers how many pages your website has. Google will also be notified of any changes to the web pages or any updates to the site through this sitemap. This makes it possible for Google to quickly review the content of the website without any problems and this has a huge impact on the SEO of the site.
Users of this kind of site do not see the map The purpose of building such a map is to help Google crawl.

In essence, it can be said that the speed and security of search engine indexing of websites is partly dependent on their site map.

What are the Benefits of Site Map?

    The XML Map site sends a message to Google search engines that crawls your site and indexes the content within it.
    This Sitemap tells Google search engines what content is on your site and in what context.
    Whenever content is updated within your website, the XML Sitemap will inform Google.
    In addition to the update time, the interval between updates and the frequency of updates is also reported to google search engines.
    You can determine the importance of the content of each page using the sitemap.
    The XML Map Site will help index your Dynamic Pages for your website.
    With a proper sitemap, the weakness of the site in internal linking is also partially covered.
    The Xml sitemap helps very large and content sites to be indexed more quickly and accurately.
    The XML Map Site shows all pages of your site to Google. This makes it possible for Google search engines to crawl and search for content even when the site structure is very deep and complex.

Introducing Sitemap to Google

A site map provides search engines with information such as the position of the content on the site, its importance, the type of content, and the changes that are made to it. In fact, a site map should include the following information:

     Each page is exactly where the site is located.
     When was the last time the pages were updated?
     Changes to the page are made from time to time.
     The importance of each page is comparable to the other pages.

In the first step, you need to decide which of your web pages should be crawled by Google search engines.
     Then it's time to decide on the format of your site. You can either create your site map manually or use existing third-party tools.
     In the final step, it is dedicated to registering a site map on Google.

As mentioned earlier, these are the most important information that should be mentioned on the map site. Providing this information can improve the indexing process of site content and affect the site rank.

We need two things to launch a website:

1. Domain
2. 2. Host

The domain is actually the name of the site and host is the space required by the site.

Both are sold by domain companies and hosting companies .

The information contained on the site is written by the CMS, for example wordpress, and in programming languages %u200B%u200Bsuch as ASP, PhP, ...

Hosts are divided into two types, depending on the site programming language:

1. Windows Host

2. Linux Host

The Windows host runs on servers running Windows and supports ASP.

The Linux host is deployed on servers running Linux and supports the PhP language.

This operating system has nothing to do with our computer operating system. That is, if our computer operating system is Windows, we can use Linux host.

One of the types of Linux hosts is WordPress. Using this type of host is very useful for sites that have a wordpress content management system. Therefore, WordPress hosting service

is recommended for those of you who are working with WordPress.